| William McClure Thomson, 1860 : Vol II, p | Istanbul Technical University: Institute of Social Sciences: unpublished Doctorate Dissertation |
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| This allows Arabic variants of the instrument to have more room for the installation of extreme bass and treble strings | Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality |
With the advent of some decades later, standardization of the placement of reference mandals on the qanun began.
18| The name derives from the word , meaning "rule, law, norm, principle", which is borrowed from the ancient Greek word and musical instrument rule , which in Latin was called not to be confused with the European polyphonic known by the same name | Traditional and Classical musics executed on the qanun are based on or |
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| The instrument also features special metallic levers or latches under each course called mandals | On the other hand, the nowadays widespread application of equidistant 24-tones on Arabic and 72-tones on Turkish qanun models presents an ongoing source of controversy |
Machine translation like or is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
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